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ISO 11357-4:2021 Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) —Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity

李老师 10/15/2021 浏览 319 ISO 11357-4:2021 国际范围

标准简介

Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) —Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity是于2021-02发布的ISO标准，适用于国际范围。

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Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) —Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity
Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) —Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity(截图)

 

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标准部分原文

Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) —

Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity

1 Scope

This document specifies methods for determining the specific heat capacity of plastics by differential scanning calorimetry.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 472, Plastics — Vocabulary

ISO 11357-1, Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 1: General principles

ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472, ISO 11357-1 and the following apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www.e lectropedia .org/ 3.1

calibration material

material of known specific heat capacity

Note 1 to entry: Usually, α-alumina (such as synthetic sapphire) of 99,9 % or higher purity is used as the calibration material.

3.2

specific heat capacity at constant pressure

c

p

quantity of heat necessary to raise the temperature of unit mass of material by 1 K at constant pressure

Note 1 to entry: It is given by the following formula:

dQ

 

−−11

cm==⋅⋅Cm

 

pp

dT 

p

where

c is the specific heat capacity and is expressed in kilojoules per kilogram per K p

−1 −1 −1 −1

(kJ⋅kg ⋅K ) or in joules per gram per K (J⋅g ⋅K ); subscript p indicates an isobaric process;

m is the mass of material, expressed in kilogram (kg) or gram (g);

−1

C is the total heat capacity and is expressed in kilojoules per K (kJ⋅K ) or in joules per K p

−1

(J⋅K ); subscript p indicates an isobaric process;

dQ is the quantity of heat dQ necessary to raise the temperature of the material by dT,  

 

−1 −1

expressed in kilojoules per K (kJ⋅K ) or in joules per K (J⋅K ), measured at constant dT

 

p

pressure.

This formula is valid in a temperature range where a material shows no first-order phase transition.

dQ

 

The quotient can be obtained by dividing the heat flow rate by the heating rate:

 

dT 

()dQ/dt

()dQ/dT =

(/dT dt)

where

−1

(dQ/dt) is the heat flow rate, expressed in kilojoules per second (kJ⋅s ) or in joules per second −1

(J⋅s ) or in watts (W);

-1

(dT/dt) is the heating rate, expressed in kelvins (K) per second (s) (K·s ).

Note 2 to entry: At phase transitions, there is a discontinuity in the heat capacity. Part of the heat is consumed to produce a material state of higher energy and it is not all used in raising the temperature. For this reason, the specific heat can only be determined properly outside regions of phase transitions.

4 Principle

4.1 General

Each measurement consists of three runs at the same scanning rate (see Figure 1):

a) a blank run (empty crucibles in sample and reference holders);

b) a calibration run (calibration material in sample holder crucible and empty crucible in reference holder);

c) a specimen run (specimen in sample holder crucible and empty crucible in reference holder).

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