ISO 14200:2021 Space environment (natural and artificial) — Process-based implementation of meteoroid and debris environment models (orbital altitudes below GEO + 2 000 km)

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Space environment (natural and artificial) — Process-based implementation of meteoroid and debris environment models (orbital altitudes below GEO + 2 000 km)
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14200:2021

Space environment (natural and artificial) — Process-based implementation of meteoroid and debris environment models (orbital altitudes below GEO + 2 000 km)

1 Scope

This document specifies a common process for selecting and implementing meteoroid and space debris environment models used in the impact flux assessment for design and operation of spacecraft and other purposes. This document provides guidelines and requirements for the process.

2 Normative reference

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/

3.1

impact flux

number of impacts per unit area per unit time

3.2

mass density

mass per unit volume

3.3

meteoroid

small celestial body of natural origin

Note 1 to entry: Generally, a meteoroid is a solid, rocky object of a size considerably smaller than an asteroid and considerably larger than an atom.

Note 2 to entry: It is thought that most meteoroids result from the disintegration and fragmentation of comets and asteroids orbiting the sun, whereas others are collision impact debris ejected from bodies such as the Moon or Mars.

3.4

meteoroid environment model

type of analysis model that computationally simulates the meteoroid (3.3) population orbiting the sun

Note 1 to entry: Typically, this type of model is used to predict the flux of meteoroids on a target object in space, such as a spacecraft.

ISO 14200:2021

3.5

space debris

DEPRECATED: orbital debris

objects of human origin in Earth orbit or re-entering the atmosphere, including fragments and elements thereof, that no longer serve a useful purpose

Note 1 to entry: Spacecraft in reserve or standby modes awaiting possible reactivation are considered to serve a useful purpose.

[1]

[SOURCE: ISO 24113:2019, 3.23]

3.6

space debris environment model

type of analysis model that computationally simulates the space debris (3.5) population

Note 1 to entry: Typically, this type of model is used to predict the flux of space debris on a target object in space, such as a spacecraft.

3.7

spacecraft

system designed to perform a set of tasks or functions in outer space, excluding launch vehicle

[SOURCE: ISO 24113:2019 3.25]

3.8

traceability

ability to trace the history, application or location of an object

[2]

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015 ,3.6.13, modified — Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been removed.]

4 Abbreviated terms

AU astronomical units

CME chemistry of meteoroid experiment

ESA European Space Agency

EuReCa European retrievable carrier

GEO geostationary earth orbit

GUI graphical user interface

HAX haystack auxiliary radar

HST-SA Hubble space telescope solar array

HST (SM1) Hubble space telescope (service mission 1)

HST (SM3B) Hubble space telescope (service mission 3B)

IMEM interplanetary meteoroid engineering model

ISS international space station

LDEF long duration exposure facility

LEO low earth orbit

MASTER meteoroid and space debris terrestrial environment reference

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