ISO 14091:2021 Adaptation to climate change — Guidelines on vulnerability, impacts and risk assessment

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Adaptation to climate change — Guidelines on vulnerability, impacts and risk assessment

1 Scope

This document gives guidelines for assessing the risks related to the potential impacts of climate change. It describes how to understand vulnerability and how to develop and implement a sound risk assessment in the context of climate change. It can be used for assessing both present and future climate change risks.

Risk assessment according to this document provides a basis for climate change adaptation planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation for any organization, regardless of size, type and nature.

2 Normative references

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms a nd definiti ons

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://w ww. iso. org/o bp

— IEC Electropedia: available at http://w ww .electropedia. org/ 3.1

organization

person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives

Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to, sole-trader, company, corporation, firm, enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public or private.

[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.1.4]

3.2

interested party

person or organization (3.1) that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision or activity

EXAMPLE Customers, communities, suppliers, regulators, non-governmental organizations, investors, employees and academia.

Note 1 to entry: To “perceive itself to be affected” means the perception has been made known to the organization applying this document.

[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.1.6, modified — “academia” has been added to the example and “applying this document” has been added to Note 1 to entry.]

3.3

system

set of interrelated or interacting elements

[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, 3.5.1]

3.4

climate

statistical description of weather in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period of time ranging from months to thousands or millions of years

Note 1 to entry: The classical period for averaging these variables is 30 years, as defined by the World [26]

Meteorological Organization .

Note 2 to entry: The relevant quantities are most often near-surface variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind.

[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.4]

3.5

climate change

change in climate (3.4) that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer

Note 1 to entry: Climate change can be identified by such means as statistical tests (e.g. on changes in the mean, variability).

Note 2 to entry: Climate change might be due to natural processes, internal to the climate system (3.3), or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.

[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.5]

3.6

adaptation to climate change

climate change adaptation

process of adjustment to actual or expected climate (3.4) and its effects

Note 1 to entry: In human systems (3.3), adaptation seeks to moderate or avoid harm or exploit beneficial opportunities.

Note 2 to entry: In some natural systems, human intervention can facilitate adjustment to expected climate and its effects.

[SOURCE: ISO 14090:2019, 3.1]

3.7

climate projection

simulated response of the climate system (3.3) to a scenario of future emission or concentration of greenhouse gases and aerosols, generally derived using climate models

Note 1 to entry: Climate projections are distinguished from climate predictions in order to emphasize that climate projections depend upon the emission/concentration/radiative forcing scenario used, which are based on assumptions concerning, for example, future socioeconomic and technological developments that may or may not be realized.

[SOURCE: Adapted from IPCC, 2014]

3.8

hazard

potential source of harm

Note 1 to entry: The potential for harm can be in terms of loss of life, injury or other health impacts (3.14), as well as damage and loss to property, infrastructure, livelihoods, service provision, ecosystems and environmental resources.

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